| PAST |
past simple |
B2 |
USE: POLITENESS AFTER 'IF'
Can use the past simple after 'if' as a politeness structure, especially in letters and emails. |
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Details |
| PAST |
past simple |
B2 |
USE: POLITENESS: 'I WONDERED' AND 'I WANTED'
Can use the past simple with 'I wondered' and 'I wanted' as politeness structures, when making polite requests and thanking. |
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Details |
| PAST |
past simple |
C1 |
FORM: INVERSION WITH 'NOT ONLY ... BUT ALSO'
Can use the inverted form of the past simple with auxiliary 'do', in the phrase 'not only ... but also'. |
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Details |
| PAST |
past simple |
C1 |
FORM: QUESTIONS
Can use 'yes/no', 'wh-', tag and negative question forms with a wide range of verbs. ► Questions |
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Details |
| PAST |
past simple |
C1 |
USE: COMPLEX ORDERING OF PAST EVENTS
Can use the past simple to order sequences of events in the past in a complex way. |
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Details |
| PAST |
past simple |
C1 |
USE: FOR EMPHASIS, WITH 'DID'
Can use the past simple with 'did' for emphasis. |
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Details |
| PAST |
past simple |
C1 |
USE: POLITENESS: 'I THOUGHT'
Can use the past simple 'I thought' as a politeness structure to sound less direct. |
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Details |
| PAST |
present perfect continuous |
B1 |
FORM: AFFIRMATIVE
Can use the affirmative form. |
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Details |
| PAST |
present perfect continuous |
B1 |
FORM: QUESTIONS
Can use the question form with a limited range of verbs. |
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Details |
| PAST |
present perfect continuous |
B1 |
USE: REPEATED CONTINUING EVENTS
Can use the present perfect continuous to talk about repeated activities which began in the past and are still continuing. |
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Details |
| PAST |
present perfect continuous |
B1 |
USE: SINGLE CONTINUING EVENT
Can use the present perfect continuous to talk about a single activity or state that began in the past and is still continuing, often with 'for' or 'since'. |
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Details |
| PAST |
present perfect continuous |
B2 |
FORM: NEGATIVE
Can use the negative form. |
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Details |
| PAST |
present perfect continuous |
B2 |
FORM: WITH ADVERBS
Can use the present perfect continuous with adverbs in the normal mid position. |
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Details |
| PAST |
present perfect continuous |
B2 |
USE: RECENT PAST
Can use the present perfect continuous to focus on a finished activity in the recent past but where the effects or results are still important or relevant. |
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Details |
| PAST |
present perfect continuous |
C2 |
FORM/USE: INVERSION
Can invert the subject and affirmative auxiliary verb with 'not only ... but' as a focusing device. ► focus ► inversion |
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Details |
| PAST |
present perfect simple |
A2 |
FORM/USE: TIME WITH 'FOR'
Can use the negative form with 'for' to talk about a past event or action which hasn't occurred again in the period of time up to now. |
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Details |
| PAST |
present perfect simple |
A2 |
FORM/USE: WITH 'YET'
Can use the negative form with 'yet' to talk about events which are expected to be completed at some point in the future. |
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Details |
| PAST |
present perfect simple |
A2 |
FORM: AFFIRMATIVE
Can use the affirmative form 'have' + '-ed' with pronouns 'I' and 'we', and with a limited range of verbs. |
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Details |
| PAST |
present perfect simple |
A2 |
FORM: NEGATIVE
Can use the negative form 'haven't' + '-ed' with 'I' with a limited range of verbs. |
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Details |
| PAST |
present perfect simple |
A2 |
FORM: QUESTIONS
Can use the question form 'have you' + '-ed' with with a limited range of verbs. |
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Details |
